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|common_name = French Polynesia |image_flag = Flag of France.svg | image_flag2 = Flag of French Polynesia.svg | alt_flag2 = Flag of France |flag_caption = Flags of French Polynesia |image_coat = Coat of arms of French Polynesia.svg |national_motto = |national_anthem = ''La Marseillaise'' () ''’Ia ora ’o Tahiti Nui'' () |image_map = French Polynesia on the globe (French Polynesia centered).svg |official_languages = French |membership_type = Sovereign state |membership = France |ethnic_groups = |ethnic_groups_year = 1988〔Most recent ethnic census, in 1988. (【引用サイトリンク】title=Frontières ethniques et redéfinition du cadre politique à Tahiti )〕 | status = Overseas collectivity |demonym = French Polynesian |capital = Pape'ete |latd=17 |latm=34 |latNS=S |longd=149 |longm=36 |longEW=W |largest_city = Fa'a'ā |government_type = Dependent territory |leader_title1 = President of France |leader_name1 = François Hollande |leader_title2 = President of French Polynesia |leader_name2 = Édouard Fritch |leader_title3 = High Commissioner |leader_name3 = Lionel Beffre |area_rank = 173rd |area_magnitude = 1 E9 |area_km2 = 4,167 |area_sq_mi = 1,609 |percent_water = 12 |area_label2 = Land area〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=R1- Population sans doubles comptes, des subdivisions, communes et communes associées de Polynésie française, de 1971 à 1996 )〕 |area_data2 = 3,521.2 km2 1,359.5 sq mi |population_census = 268,270〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Population des communes de Polynésie française )〕 |population_census_rank = 177th |population_census_year = August 2012 |population_density_km2= 76 |population_density_sq_mi = 197 |population_density_rank = 130th |GDP_nominal = |GDP_nominal_rank = |GDP_nominal_year = 2008 |GDP_nominal_per_capita = US$27,352〔 |GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = |sovereignty_type = Overseas collectivity of France |established_event1 = Protectorate |established_date1 = 1842 |established_event2 = Overseas territory |established_date2 = 1946 |established_event3 = |established_date3 = 2003 |Gini_year = |Gini_change = |Gini = |Gini_ref = |Gini_rank = |HDI_year = |HDI_change = |HDI = |HDI_ref = |HDI_rank = |currency = CFP franc |currency_code = XPF |country_code = |time_zone = |utc_offset = -10, −9:30, -9 |time_zone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |drives_on = right |calling_code = +689 |cctld = .pf |footnote_a = Light European and/or East Asian. |footnote_b = Mostly French. |footnote_c = Mixed European and Polynesian descent. |footnote_d = Mostly Chinese. }} (詳細はoverseas collectivity of the French Republic; ''フランス語:collectivité d'outre-mer de la République française (COM)'', sometimes unofficially referred to as an overseas country; ''フランス語:pays d'outre-mer (POM)''. It is composed of 118 geographically dispersed islands and atolls stretching over an expanse of more than in the South Pacific Ocean. Its total land area is . French Polynesia is divided into 5 groups of islands: The Society Islands archipelago composed of the Windward Islands and the Leeward Islands, the Tuamotu Archipelago, the Gambier Islands, the Marquesas Islands and the Austral Islands. Among its 118 islands and atolls, 67 are inhabited. Tahiti, which is located within the Society Islands, is the most populous island and the seat of the capital of the collectivity, Pape'ete. It has more than 68% of the population of the islands in 2012. Although not an integral part of its territory, Clipperton Island was administered from French Polynesia until 2007. Following the Great Polynesian Migration, European explorers visited the islands of French Polynesia on several occasions. Traders and whaling ships also visited. In 1842, the French took over the islands and established a French protectorate they called ''Etablissements des français en Océanie (EFO)'' (French Establishments/Settlements in Oceania). In 1946, the ''EFO''s became an overseas territory under the constitution of the French Fourth Republic, and Polynesians were granted the right to vote through citizenship. In 1957, the ''EFO''s were renamed French Polynesia. Since 28 March 2003, French Polynesia has been an overseas collectivity of the French Republic under the constitutional revision of article 74, and later gained, with law 2004-192 of 27 February 2004, an administrative autonomy; two symbolic manifestations of which are the title of the President of French Polynesia and its additional designation as an overseas country.〔http://www.collectivites-locales.gouv.fr/statuts-nouvelle-caledonie-et-polynesie#statut_pol_fcse〕 == History == French Polynesia as we know it today was one of the last places on Earth to be settled by humans. Scientists believe the Great Polynesian Migration happened around 1500 BC as Austronesian people went on a journey using celestial navigation to find islands in the South Pacific ocean. The first islands of French Polynesia to be settled were the Marquesas Islands in about 200 BC. The Polynesians later ventured southwest and discovered the Society Islands around AD 300. European communication began in 1521 when Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan, sailing in the service of the Spanish Crown, sighted Puka-Puka in the Tuāmotu-Gambier Archipelago. In 1772, Dutchman Jakob Roggeveen came across Bora Bora in the Society Islands. British explorer Samuel Wallis visited Tahiti in 1767. The French explorer Louis Antoine de Bougainville visited Tahiti in 1768, while the British explorer James Cook visited in 1769.〔 In 1772, The Spanish Viceroy of Peru Don Manuel de Amat ordered a number of expeditions to Tahiti under the command of Domingo de Bonechea who was the first European to explore all of the main islands beyond Tahiti. A short-lived Spanish settlement was created in 1774.〔 and for a time some maps bore the name ''Isla de Amat'' after Viceroy Amat. Christian missions began with Spanish priests who stayed in Tahiti for a year. Protestants from the London Missionary Society settled permanently in Polynesia in 1797. King Pōmare II of Tahiti was forced to flee to Mo'orea in 1803; he and his subjects were converted to Protestantism in 1812. French Catholic missionaries arrived on Tahiti in 1834; their expulsion in 1836 caused France to send a gunboat in 1838. In 1842, Tahiti and Tahuata were declared a French protectorate, to allow Catholic missionaries to work undisturbed. The capital of Papeetē was founded in 1843. In 1880, France annexed Tahiti, changing the status from that of a protectorate to that of a colony. The island groups were not officially united until the establishment of the French protectorate in 1889. In the 1880s, France claimed the Tuamotu Archipelago, which formerly belonged to the Pōmare Dynasty, without formally annexing it. Having declared a protectorate over Tahuata in 1842, the French regarded the entire Marquesas Islands as French. In 1885, France appointed a governor and established a general council, thus giving it the proper administration for a colony. The islands of Rimatara and Rūrutu unsuccessfully lobbied for British protection in 1888, so in 1889 they were annexed by France. Postage stamps were first issued in the colony in 1892. The first official name for the colony was ''Établissements de l'Océanie'' (Establishments in Oceania); in 1903 the general council was changed to an advisory council and the colony's name was changed to ''Établissements Français de l'Océanie'' (French Establishments in Oceania). In 1940, the administration of French Polynesia recognised the Free French Forces and many Polynesians served in World War II. Unknown at the time to the French and Polynesians, the Konoe Cabinet in Imperial Japan on 16 September 1940 included French Polynesia among the many territories which were to become Japanese possessions in the post-war world.〔The Japanese claim to the French Pacific islands, along with many other vast territories, appears in 16 September 1940 "Sphere of survival for the Establishment of a New Order in Greater East Asia by Imperial Japan", published in 1955 by Japan's Foreign Ministry as part of the two-volume "Chronology and major documents of Diplomacy of Japan 1840–1945" – here quoted from "Interview with Tetsuzo Fuwa: Japan's War: History of Expansionism", Japan Press Service, July 2007〕 However, in the course of the war in the Pacific the Japanese were not able to launch an actual invasion of the French islands. In 1946, Polynesians were granted French citizenship and the islands' status was changed to an overseas territory; the islands' name was changed in 1957 to ''Polynésie Française'' (French Polynesia). In 1962, France's early nuclear testing ground of Algeria became independent and the Moruroa atoll in the Tuamotu Archipelago was selected as the new testing site; tests were conducted underground after 1974. In 1977, French Polynesia was granted partial internal autonomy; in 1984, the autonomy was extended. French Polynesia became a full overseas collectivity of France in 2003.〔. Retrieved 25 September 2012.〕 In September 1995, France stirred up widespread protests by resuming nuclear testing at Fangataufa atoll after a three-year moratorium. The last test was on 27 January 1996. On 29 January 1996, France announced that it would accede to the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, and no longer test nuclear weapons. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「French Polynesia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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